有(you)機(ji)(ji)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)好氧發酵(jiao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)實際(ji)上(shang)就是基質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)發酵(jiao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)將有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉化為(wei)(wei)二氧化碳(tan)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)量(liang)(微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi))、熱量(liang)和(he)(he)腐(fu)殖質(zhi)(zhi)。發酵(jiao)中使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)料、填充(chong)劑和(he)(he)調(diao)節劑絕大部分(fen)(fen)來(lai)自植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),它們的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要成分(fen)(fen)是碳(tan)水化合(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(即纖維素(su))、蛋白(bai)質(zhi)(zhi)、脂類和(he)(he)木質(zhi)(zhi)素(su)。微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)新(xin)陳代謝活動分(fen)(fen)解(jie)有(you)機(ji)(ji)底(di)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)來(lai)維持自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)活動,同時(shi)達到分(fen)(fen)解(jie)復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)為(wei)(wei)可被生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)利(li)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)小分(fen)(fen)子物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。好氧發酵(jiao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中,有(you)機(ji)(ji)廢(fei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)可溶(rong)性(xing)小分(fen)(fen)子有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)透(tou)過(guo)(guo)(guo)微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)壁和(he)(he)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)膜而被微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)吸(xi)收利(li)用。不溶(rong)性(xing)大分(fen)(fen)子有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)則先附(fu)著在微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)體外(wai),由微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所分(fen)(fen)泌的(de)(de)(de)(de)胞(bao)外(wai)酶分(fen)(fen)解(jie)為(wei)(wei)可溶(rong)性(xing)小分(fen)(fen)子物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi),再輸(shu)送入細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)內被微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)利(li)用。通過(guo)(guo)(guo)微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)活動——合(he)(he)成及分(fen)(fen)解(jie)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng),把(ba)一部分(fen)(fen)被吸(xi)收的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)氧化成簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)無機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),并提供生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)活動所需(xu)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)能量(liang),把(ba)另一部分(fen)(fen)有(you)機(ji)(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)轉化合(he)(he)成新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)細(xi)(xi)胞(bao)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi),使微(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)增殖。
CwHxNyOz·hH2O(堆肥(fei))+dH2O(氣)+dH2O(水)+fCO2+gNH3+能量
(2)細胞物質的合成(包括有機物質的氧(yang)化,并以NH3為氮源)n(CxHyOz)+NH3+(nx+ny/4-nz/2-5)O2→C5H7NO2(細胞物質)+(nx-5)CO2+1/2(ny-4)H2O+能量